Python Tkinter With A Simple Web Wrapper
I am writing a simple python program with a UI, and i can't find out how to put a web page inside the program. I tried searching on Google, but i can't find any simple implementati
Solution 1:
You can both embed HTML and open full web-pages (with CSS and javascript even) in tkinter. With the cefpython module you can embed a full-blown Chromium browser in a tk window.
from cefpython3 import cefpython as cef
import ctypes
try:
import tkinter as tk
except ImportError:
import Tkinter as tk
import sys
import platform
import logging as _logging
# Fix for PyCharm hints warnings
WindowUtils = cef.WindowUtils()
# Platforms
WINDOWS = (platform.system() == "Windows")
LINUX = (platform.system() == "Linux")
MAC = (platform.system() == "Darwin")
# Globals
logger = _logging.getLogger("tkinter_.py")
classMainFrame(tk.Frame):
def__init__(self, root):
self.browser_frame = None
self.navigation_bar = None# Root
root.geometry("900x640")
tk.Grid.rowconfigure(root, 0, weight=1)
tk.Grid.columnconfigure(root, 0, weight=1)
# MainFrame
tk.Frame.__init__(self, root)
self.master.title("Tkinter example")
self.master.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.on_close)
self.master.bind("<Configure>", self.on_root_configure)
self.bind("<Configure>", self.on_configure)
self.bind("<FocusIn>", self.on_focus_in)
self.bind("<FocusOut>", self.on_focus_out)
# NavigationBar
self.navigation_bar = NavigationBar(self)
self.navigation_bar.grid(row=0, column=0,
sticky=(tk.N + tk.S + tk.E + tk.W))
tk.Grid.rowconfigure(self, 0, weight=0)
tk.Grid.columnconfigure(self, 0, weight=0)
# BrowserFrame
self.browser_frame = BrowserFrame(self, self.navigation_bar)
self.browser_frame.grid(row=1, column=0,
sticky=(tk.N + tk.S + tk.E + tk.W))
tk.Grid.rowconfigure(self, 1, weight=1)
tk.Grid.columnconfigure(self, 0, weight=1)
# Pack MainFrame
self.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=tk.YES)
defon_root_configure(self, _):
logger.debug("MainFrame.on_root_configure")
if self.browser_frame:
self.browser_frame.on_root_configure()
defon_configure(self, event):
logger.debug("MainFrame.on_configure")
if self.browser_frame:
width = event.width
height = event.height
if self.navigation_bar:
height = height - self.navigation_bar.winfo_height()
self.browser_frame.on_mainframe_configure(width, height)
defon_focus_in(self, _):
logger.debug("MainFrame.on_focus_in")
defon_focus_out(self, _):
logger.debug("MainFrame.on_focus_out")
defon_close(self):
if self.browser_frame:
self.browser_frame.on_root_close()
self.master.destroy()
defget_browser(self):
if self.browser_frame:
return self.browser_frame.browser
returnNonedefget_browser_frame(self):
if self.browser_frame:
return self.browser_frame
returnNoneclassBrowserFrame(tk.Frame):
def__init__(self, master, navigation_bar=None):
self.navigation_bar = navigation_bar
self.closing = False
self.browser = None
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.bind("<FocusIn>", self.on_focus_in)
self.bind("<FocusOut>", self.on_focus_out)
self.bind("<Configure>", self.on_configure)
self.focus_set()
defembed_browser(self):
window_info = cef.WindowInfo()
rect = [0, 0, self.winfo_width(), self.winfo_height()]
window_info.SetAsChild(self.get_window_handle(), rect)
self.browser = cef.CreateBrowserSync(window_info,
url="http://www.google.com") #todoassert self.browser
self.browser.SetClientHandler(LoadHandler(self))
self.browser.SetClientHandler(FocusHandler(self))
self.message_loop_work()
defget_window_handle(self):
if self.winfo_id() > 0:
return self.winfo_id()
elif MAC:
from AppKit import NSApp
import objc
return objc.pyobjc_id(NSApp.windows()[-1].contentView())
else:
raise Exception("Couldn't obtain window handle")
defmessage_loop_work(self):
cef.MessageLoopWork()
self.after(10, self.message_loop_work)
defon_configure(self, _):
ifnot self.browser:
self.embed_browser()
defon_root_configure(self):
# Root <Configure> event will be called when top window is movedif self.browser:
self.browser.NotifyMoveOrResizeStarted()
defon_mainframe_configure(self, width, height):
if self.browser:
if WINDOWS:
ctypes.windll.user32.SetWindowPos(
self.browser.GetWindowHandle(), 0,
0, 0, width, height, 0x0002)
elif LINUX:
self.browser.SetBounds(0, 0, width, height)
self.browser.NotifyMoveOrResizeStarted()
defon_focus_in(self, _):
logger.debug("BrowserFrame.on_focus_in")
if self.browser:
self.browser.SetFocus(True)
defon_focus_out(self, _):
logger.debug("BrowserFrame.on_focus_out")
if self.browser:
self.browser.SetFocus(False)
defon_root_close(self):
if self.browser:
self.browser.CloseBrowser(True)
self.clear_browser_references()
self.destroy()
defclear_browser_references(self):
self.browser = NoneclassLoadHandler(object):
def__init__(self, browser_frame):
self.browser_frame = browser_frame
defOnLoadStart(self, browser, **_):
if self.browser_frame.master.navigation_bar:
self.browser_frame.master.navigation_bar.set_url(browser.GetUrl())
classFocusHandler(object):
def__init__(self, browser_frame):
self.browser_frame = browser_frame
defOnTakeFocus(self, next_component, **_):
logger.debug("FocusHandler.OnTakeFocus, next={next}"
.format(next=next_component))
defOnSetFocus(self, source, **_):
logger.debug("FocusHandler.OnSetFocus, source={source}"
.format(source=source))
returnFalsedefOnGotFocus(self, **_):
"""Fix CEF focus issues (#255). Call browser frame's focus_set
to get rid of type cursor in url entry widget."""
logger.debug("FocusHandler.OnGotFocus")
self.browser_frame.focus_set()
classNavigationBar(tk.Frame):
def__init__(self, master):
self.back_state = tk.NONE
self.forward_state = tk.NONE
self.back_image = None
self.forward_image = None
self.reload_image = None
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
# Back button
back = b'iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAGAAAABgBAMAAAAQtmoLAAAAKlBMVEUAAAAyMjIzMzMzMzMyMjIzMzMxMTEzMzMtLS0zMzMkJCQyMjIrKysxMTExeYOJAAAADnRSTlMAgH3/cGlU1BHPDsoMWDQYbKYAAACNSURBVHgB7deBBYBAAIXha4YWaIdXJYlGaJwAzRFojhMarQnO+eWg3g9AvijnXXDZnKuawKpbCEgLA6QOAtLKAKmHgDYIDLuBDDBS4KDA+TsgQmC6IXAZyADpEkA6CogC/AH+SpQIlIAf7v2vYSIGfJBR4ihFmNjx+KHE8AliLjlD6dAFUxqMdX4dcM49/KeCIizV7gUAAAAASUVORK5CYII='
self.back_image = tk.PhotoImage(data=back)
self.back_image = self.back_image.zoom(25).subsample(100)
self.back_button = tk.Button(self, image=self.back_image,command=self.go_back)
self.back_button.grid(row=0, column=0)
# Forward button
forward = b'iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAGAAAABgCAYAAADimHc4AAAA1UlEQVR4Ae3cAQbCYBzG4Q6QiI4wYIbtPU1HCAgQSOcLgtBtamHQAb5/43noAu8Pmu37NgAAAAAAAAAAAC0luU7TdNuUMP4lyfv7E6GxefDzMr4IheOL0FiS0zK2CI2N43hcRhahQJJDkqcIhYZh2IsgAiKIgAgi8BPhURiBrut2IoiACCIgggj8WQQR5mHvhRHo+35bEAERBMD4xl8V4/v7iQcw42N842N8L+XxWYrxMb7xMb5TMsZ/GX+Nh/RwTNVBbVxV4LIOXFcDAAAAAAAAAADwAephJFWvaMW3AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC'
self.forward_image = tk.PhotoImage(data=forward)
self.forward_image = self.forward_image.zoom(25).subsample(100)
self.forward_button = tk.Button(self, image=self.forward_image,command=self.go_forward)
self.forward_button.grid(row=0, column=1)
# Reload button
refresh = b'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'
self.reload_image = tk.PhotoImage(data=refresh)
self.reload_image = self.reload_image.zoom(25).subsample(100)
self.reload_button = tk.Button(self, image=self.reload_image,command=self.reload)
self.reload_button.grid(row=0, column=2)
# Url entry
self.url_entry = tk.Entry(self)
tk.Grid.rowconfigure(self, 0, weight=100)
tk.Grid.columnconfigure(self, 3, weight=100)
# Update state of buttons
self.update_state()
defgo_back(self):
if self.master.get_browser():
self.master.get_browser().GoBack()
defgo_forward(self):
if self.master.get_browser():
self.master.get_browser().GoForward()
defreload(self):
if self.master.get_browser():
self.master.get_browser().Reload()
defset_url(self, url):
self.url_entry.delete(0, tk.END)
self.url_entry.insert(0, url)
defon_url_focus_in(self, _):
logger.debug("NavigationBar.on_url_focus_in")
defon_url_focus_out(self, _):
logger.debug("NavigationBar.on_url_focus_out")
defon_load_url(self, _):
if self.master.get_browser():
self.master.get_browser().StopLoad()
self.master.get_browser().LoadUrl(self.url_entry.get())
defon_button1(self, _):
"""Fix CEF focus issues (#255). See also FocusHandler.OnGotFocus."""
logger.debug("NavigationBar.on_button1")
self.master.master.focus_force()
defupdate_state(self):
browser = self.master.get_browser()
ifnot browser:
if self.back_state != tk.DISABLED:
self.back_button.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
self.back_state = tk.DISABLED
if self.forward_state != tk.DISABLED:
self.forward_button.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
self.forward_state = tk.DISABLED
self.after(100, self.update_state)
returnif browser.CanGoBack():
if self.back_state != tk.NORMAL:
self.back_button.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.back_state = tk.NORMAL
else:
if self.back_state != tk.DISABLED:
self.back_button.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
self.back_state = tk.DISABLED
if browser.CanGoForward():
if self.forward_state != tk.NORMAL:
self.forward_button.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.forward_state = tk.NORMAL
else:
if self.forward_state != tk.DISABLED:
self.forward_button.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
self.forward_state = tk.DISABLED
self.after(100, self.update_state)
if __name__ == '__main__':
logger.setLevel(_logging.INFO)
stream_handler = _logging.StreamHandler()
formatter = _logging.Formatter("[%(filename)s] %(message)s")
stream_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(stream_handler)
logger.info("CEF Python {ver}".format(ver=cef.__version__))
logger.info("Python {ver} {arch}".format(
ver=platform.python_version(), arch=platform.architecture()[0]))
logger.info("Tk {ver}".format(ver=tk.Tcl().eval('info patchlevel')))
assert cef.__version__ >= "55.3", "CEF Python v55.3+ required to run this"
sys.excepthook = cef.ExceptHook # To shutdown all CEF processes on error
root = tk.Tk()
app = MainFrame(root)
# Tk must be initialized before CEF otherwise fatal error (Issue #306)
cef.Initialize()
app.mainloop()
cef.Shutdown()
Solution 2:
How about using pywebview ? It doesn't run in tkinter. but it is simple.
https://pypi.org/project/pywebview/
import webview
webview.create_window('Hello world', 'https://pywebview.flowrl.com/hello')
webview.start()
Solution 3:
Try using Tkinterweb! https://pypi.org/project/tkinterweb/
Demo code:
from tkinterweb import HtmlFrame #import the HTML browsertry:
import tkinter as tk #python3except ImportError:
import Tkinter as tk #python2
root = tk.Tk() #create the tkinter window
frame = HtmlFrame(root) #create HTML browser
frame.load_website("http://google.com") #load a website
frame.pack(fill="both", expand=True) #attach the HtmlFrame widget to the parent window
root.mainloop()
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